SHA-256 (Secure Hash Algorithm 256) is a cryptographic hashing algorithm that generates a fixed-length (256-bit) "digest" from variable-length input data. It is part of the SHA-2 family and is widely used for data integrity verification, digital signatures, and cryptographic security. Compared to SHA-1, SHA-256 offers significantly stronger resistance to collision and preimage attacks, making it a preferred choice for secure applications, including blockchain technology, TLS certificates, and password hashing.
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